Learn about Autism: Care & Treatment

Autism is a developmental disorder that shows symptoms within the first three years of life. Its formal diagnostic name is autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The term "spectrum" refers to the fact that autism manifests itself in a variety of forms with varying degrees of severity. Each person with autism has his/her own set of strengths, symptoms, and challenges.

Individuals with autism may show a variety of symptoms, including:
·       Reduced eye contact
·       Body language variations
·       The absence of facial expressions
·       Inability to engage in imaginative play
·       Repetitive motions or sounds
·       Interests that are narrowly focused
·       Insensitivity to temperature extremes

The two primary symptom areas are:
·       Social communication and interaction deficiencies
·       Restricted or recurring behaviors, interests, or activities

Remember that having these symptoms does not always imply that a person has autism. Autism spectrum disorder can only be diagnosed by a qualified medical professional.

Diagnosing Autism
Autism has no known biological marker. That is, no blood or genetic test could be used to diagnose the disorder. Clinicians instead use observation, medical histories, and questionnaires to determine whether a person has autism.
Physicians and specialists may employ one or more of the screening tools listed below:
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, is a 20-question test for toddlers aged 16 to 30 months.

The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) is a general developmental screening tool with sections designed for specific ages that is used to identify any developmental challenges that a child may have.

Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT), is an interactive screening tool for autism in toddlers and young children that includes 12 activities that assess play, communication, and imitation.

Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) is a general developmental parent-interview form that asks parents questions to identify areas of concern.

Medication
Many people with autism take medications to help with anxiety, attention, and aggression management. These drugs, which are usually recommended by doctors, might be a cost-effective way to manage unpleasant symptoms. Medication isn't always necessary, but when it is, it can make a huge impact in the life of a child on the autistic spectrum.
However, make sure to work closely with a healthcare professional or doctor to check the meds' effects. What works well for one person on the spectrum may not work well—or even be harmful—for another. This is true for all types of treatment (including medications).

Effective Treatment for Autism
The most effective therapies and interventions are commonly unique to each individual. Most people with ASD, however, respond best to highly structured and specialized programs. Treatment can help people with autism with daily activities and reduce symptoms in some cases.

Early diagnosis and intervention, such as during preschool or before, are more likely to have a significant positive effect on symptoms and later skills.
Since symptoms of ASD and other disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can overlap, it's critical that treatment focuses on a person's specific needs rather than the diagnostic label.

There are numerous treatments for autism that keep on strengthening their weak spots. There is also no single treatment that can alleviate the primary symptoms of autism. There are, however, therapies and medications that can have a significant positive impact on children and adults on the autism spectrum. These are some examples of widely used therapies:
·       Behavioral management therapy
·       Cognitive behavior therapy
·       Early intervention
·       Educational and school-based therapies
·       Joint attention therapy
·       Medication treatment
·       Nutritional therapy
·       Occupational therapy
·       Parent-mediated therapy
·       Physical therapy
·       Social skills trainin
·       Speech-language therapy

Choosing the best therapies is a process of trial and error for most families, with final decisions based on a variety of factors such as availability, cost, and the abilities, challenges, and interests of the child.

Key elements of a suitable treatment
Children with autism benefit the most from therapy that begin in early years and are intensively offered (multiple hours per week). It should be supported by a research and have a clear vision of your objectives and milestones. It must be provided by a professional therapist who has the ability to connect with the child. He should be able to engage him in constructive activities. Not only should the trainer or therapist be qualified, but also should exhibit qualities such as genuine love and care for each individual child. By giving them a warm and friendly environment that has their trust, training sessions can prove to do wonders. 

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